For lithium batteries, there are some popular standards that Battery Lab tests to most often. In this sequel of articles we are going to discuss about these popular standards one by one. Today we are going to discuss about the UL 2054– UL Standard for Safety of Lithium Batteries (the short circuit test).

UL 2054
Short Circuit test:
1. Each fully charged test lithium-ion cell, in turn, is to be short-circuited by connecting the positive and negative terminals of the battery with a circuit load having a resistance load of 80 ± 20 mohm. The temperature of the lithium-ion battery case is to be recorded during the test. The lithium-ion battery is to discharge until a fire or explosion is obtained, or until it has reached an unloaded state of fewer than 0.2 volts and the case temperature has returned to ±10°C (±18°F) of ambient temperature.
2. Tests are to be transferred at 20 ± 5°C (68 ± 9°F), and at 55 ± 2°C (131 ± 4°F). The lithium-ion cells are to reach equilibrium at 20 ± 5°C (68 ± 9°F) or 55 ± 2°C (131 ± 4°F) as applicable, before the terminals are connected.
3.  A lithium-ion cell is to be tested individually unless the battery manufacturer indicates that it is intended for use in series or parallel. For series or parallel use, additional tests on five sets of lithium-ion batteries are to be conducted using the maximum number of lithium-ion cells to be covered for each configuration as specified by the battery manufacturer.
4. A lithium-ion cell is to be tested without the assistance of protective devices unless such protective mechanisms are integral to the lithium-ion cell construction. When a protective device actuates during the test, the test shall be repeated with the lithium-ion cell connected to the maximum load that does not cause the protective equipment to open.
5. The lithium-ion batteries shall not explode or catch fire. The temperature of the exterior cell or battery casing shall not exceed 150°C (302°F) for lithium chemistries. °C
6. Each fully charged test lithium-ion battery pack, in turn, is to be short-circuited by connecting the positive and negative terminals of the battery with a circuit load having a resistance load of 80 ± 20 m ohm. The temperature of the lithium-ion battery case is to be recorded during the test. The lithium-ion battery is to discharge until a fire or explosion is obtained, or until it is completely released and the cell case temperature has returned to ±10°C (±18°F) of ambient temperature.
7.  Tests are to be transferred at 20 ± 5°C (68 ± 9°F) and at 55 ± 5°C (131 ± 4°F). The lithium-ion batteries are to reach steadiness at 20 ± 5°C (68 ± 9°F) or 55 ± 5°C (131 ± 4°F), as applicable, before the terminals are joined.
8.  Lithium-ion battery pack constructions are to be subjected to a single fault across any protective device in the load circuit of the battery under test. When protective materials actuate during the trial, the examination shall be repeated with the lithium-ion battery pack connected to the maximum load that does not cause the protective devices to open.
Exception: A positive temperature coefficient device which complies with the tests specified in Standard for Thermistor-Type Devices, UL 1434, the Standard for Automatic Electrical Controls for Household and Similar Use, Part 1: General Requirements, UL 60730-1A, or other protective devices determined to be reliable, may remain in the circuit without being faulted. See Appendix A for additional component standards.
9. One of the above five test sample lithium-ion battery packs, tested at 20 ±5°C (68 ±9°F) shall be evaluated with the following additional conditions in place. The terminals are to be subjected to a short circuit condition with a minimum length of 16 AWG (1.3 mm2) bare copper wire. The test is to be conducted on a tissue paper covered softwood surface, and the sample battery pack and exposed leader is to be covered with a single layer of cheesecloth.
10. For all samples tested, the lithium-ion batteries shall not explode or catch fire, and the tests shall not result in chemical leaks caused by cracking, rupturing, or bursting of the cell casing. The temperature of the internal cell casings shall not exceed 150°C (302°F) for lithium chemistries. For battery pack samples tested, the cheesecloth and tissue paper shall not catch fire.
Before you choose your lithium battery brand, please check carefully about this mandatory standard certification carefully. Choose a popular brand like EverExceed to confirm the authenticity of this standard with confirm reliability.